New medicine against Alzheimer's.

The British and Swiss scientists have developed a new medicine for treatment of a diabetes and illness Alzheimer's.

The principle of work of a new medicine consists in its influence on the certain protein causing illness Alzheimer's and the most widespread form of a diabetes.

Tests for animals have passed so successfully, that scientists already plan to test a new preparation in public, suffering illness Alzheimer's.

This disease amazing a brain and leading finally dementia, suffer almost forty millions person all over the world.

In searches of a new effective preparation of scientists it was necessary to test more than hundred thousand chemical components.

New medicine for " a black fever "

The world organization of public health services has informed on the invention of the new medicine, capable to cure " a black fever " which annually carries away lives over 60 thousand person.

According to representatives the CART, new tablets under the name myltephosinus have helped during experimental treatment of 95 % of patients. Besides this medicine is much cheaper than nowadays existing medicines.

Before In total it will act in India where half of all cases of disease is registered by " a black fever " almost. This illness is caused by the parasites amazing a liver and a spleen.

AIDS drug to the dollar

Existing AIDS drugs are usually very expensive. And their cost is the main obstacle to fighting the spread of AIDS in developing countries. But soon there may be antispidovye mixture at reduced prices. That proposal Sipla Indian Pharmaceutical Company Ltd has international charitable organization "Doctors without Borders" on the condition that those distributing the drugs simply free.

Humanitarian proposal from developing countries have constantly complained about the high cost of drugs against AIDS. Typically, the annual supply of medicine for one patient costs several thousand dollars.

The major pharmaceutical companies have agreed to grant patents on the production in the countries of Asia and Africa of cheaper versions of key drugs anti-AIDS. Now his company Sipla Ltd has even more radical initiative. "The commercial value of our products in India in per patient - 1,200 dollars a year, says CEO Hamid Yussuf. Governments, we offer them at the rate of $ 600 per patient. A "Doctors Without Borders" we have done this humanitarian proposal, we are ready to sell our AIDS drugs at a cost of $ 350 per patient, as long as they will distribute them for free. "

MSF agree

Such a proposal could save hundreds of thousands of lives - especially in Africa, where at least 25 million are suffering from human immunodeficiency virus. One of the leaders of "Doctors without Borders" Daniel Berman said that his organization would agree to the terms. "Certainly, we welcome the statement Sipla Ltd, it radically changes the situation. This means that AIDS treatment can be much higher. Two years ago, AIDS treatment was generally in the 12 to 15 thousand dollars per year per patient. Now, these drugs are much more accessible to us, and it also means that we can get a correlative grants from the UK and other European countries ". So MSF hoped that they would soon be able to provide essential drugs to AIDS dozens, or even hundreds of thousands of DEVELOPING countries in Africa and Asia.

Medicines from cancer : scientists happy

American scientists have developed an anti-cancer drug known as 2S4 or Omnitarg, as a result of clinical trials proved to be one of the best known to date drugs of this type.

After receiving his spirits dramatically improved patients late stage lung cancer, prostate, breast, ovary and connective tissue. The drug, a protein which sharply intensifying the immune system of patients. However, officially the effectiveness of new drugs has no one spoke. An only the first stage of testing, which primarily to define how the drug is safe. The los-anzhelesskogo Medical Center Cedars David Agus told the press : "This drug actually worked on the tumor directly, and their size reduced."

First results
A clinical trial of its intravenous drugs to more than 20 patients. The experiment continued for about three weeks. The 42% of patients or reduced the size of tumors by 50%, or stopped growing. The three patients was partial remission, which has continued for several months. The five patients had stabilized. David Agus considers such spectacular results. "All of our patients have taken the drug already in the latter stages of cancer, when no other therapeutic techniques are no longer useful," he said. However, his colleague from the British Cancer Research Fund UK Elaine Vickers calls bit : "The drug was only a small number of patients, and to be confident about the effectiveness of the drugs so far."

New drug for blacks

The Office of the Food and Drug Administration approved the use of U.S. new drug for treating paralysis of the heart. But for the first time authorities have approved the drug only for black people.

The new product "Bidil" designed exclusively for patients of one particular race. A study by the producer of the drug-company Nitromed Incorporated, showed that it reduced the number of deaths from the disease among black patients than doubled, and the need for inpatient treatment fell by 39%. Two previous studies conducted among all racial groups, did not show similar results. The paralysis, heart disease, in which the heart is weakened and unable pumped enough blood. It can cause heart attacks, high blood pressure or infection. Half of patients with the disease die within five years.

Approval "Bidil" for use exclusively in the same race caused some controversy. Some note that the biological reasons that the drugs worked better for the patients of one race does not exist. They believe that everything is done for profit, Nitromed because the company obtained a licence to produce the drug exclusively for blacks, for a period of 15 years. The Office of the Food and Drug Administration insists that the decision was a step toward a more personal medicine, where drugs can be made with the expectation of some people, while others barely act.

"Bidil" is a combination of two older drugs, neither of which was approved for treating paralysis of the heart. Doctors still do not fully understand how the two drugs work together. While the Office has approved the use of "Bidil only among black patients, doctors can prescribe it to anyone who, in the opinion of doctors, medicines can help.

Testing drugs on tobacco

Above drugs against smoking has a number of

In Belgium, began clinical trials of the world's first cure for smoking. The study involved 60 volunteers. The developers will try to prove that the drug prevents ingress TA-NIC nicotine in the brain, and therefore, smoking is not physically accustomed to tobacco.

At this stage of research, scientists want to understand the dose of nicotine is addictive, and what is not. According to the World Health Organization, the world's more than one billion people smoke. Each year about four million people die of cancer, heart disease and other illnesses associated with smoking. In recent years, among those who have decided to quit smoking, enjoyed great popularity nikotinovye special plasters and chewing gum to help quit smoking. The new drugs work quite differently. Nicotine readily enters the brain through blood, which is why smoking is zavysimym of cigarettes.

Immune system

In the body, a new drug makes the immune system to develop antibodies that enter into vzaimodestvie with nicotine molecules. Molecules are increasing in size and can get to the brain. If the study will be successful, the British company Xenova, develops drugs, said that TA-NIC fall-shopped stores within five years. David Oksleyd, executive director of Xenova said : "Many smokers wishing to quit smoking can not even aware of the risks posed by tobacco." Clive Bates, director of Action on Smoking and Health, said : "The medicine can be against smoking is opening one of the most important drugs for cancer, lung and heart disease." "In Britain, about one-third of smokers-4 million people - are trying to quit smoking each year. However, the vast majority are in a few days or weeks and start smoking again, "he said. But Bates stressed that the study in Belgium is only the initial stage of a long process.

Medicines from radiation?

Scientists have developed a drug which they say could protect people from the effects of radiation. The drug under the working title HE2100 was established American company Hollis-Eden Pharmaceuticals. The companies argue that drugs can help most people who were not in the immediate vicinity of the attack with a "dirty bomb".
Preliminary experiments suggest that the drug can stop the bleeding and loss of white blood cells in the body. Specialists Hollis-Eden has experienced only drugs on animals. Test it on humans could not, because the test would have to be radiation. Now the company is planning a larger study. If the results are stable, Hollis-Eden intends to request the United States government for a license to sell the drug. Changes to the rules governing the licensing of American pharmaceutical products, are now allowed to use medicines that have not been large-scale tests on humans. Under the new rules, the drug is tested on primates and small group of volunteers.

The amount of drugs

The United States promised in the next few years for pharmaceutical companies to $ 6 billion for the development of drugs needed to combat the consequences of bioterrorism attacks. According to Bob Marsella of Hollis-Eden, new drugs will cost between 50 and 75 dollars per course, but his store will be a long one. "This will not be a panacea," says Professor Paul Wilkinson of the Center for the Study of Terrorism at the University of St. Andrews United Kingdom. People in the immediate vicinity of the explosion to a dose of radiation that medical intervention will save them. " "But people in the outside radius of the defeat of the medicine might help if further experiments to confirm its effectiveness," he said.
BBC World Service

Men and women need different medicines

Scientists say that the brain of men and women may affect their susceptibility to various diseases, as well as opreledyat their reactions to medicines. Scientists have long noticed that women, for example, more prone to depression and bulimia, while male-to Parkinson's disease. Studies of brain men and women have shown that they are structured differently. Scientists believe that if these two facts together, we can conclude that the future of medicine should be different for men and women. Most drugs are tested on men today. This means that women may not be as effective. Man or woman? We must look at the disease as a male and female Professor Swaab Scientists explained that the formation of the genital organs of the brain and there is a very large difference in time. Genitals are formed in the first half of pregnancy, while the structure of the brain, and in the second part after birth. That is why, scientists believe, there is the possibility of errors when sex is not the same as the "floor" brain. Professor Dick Swaab of the Institute for Brain Research in Amsterdam has long been studied transsexual who claimed that begins in early childhood feel that parents "foreign" body. Swaab said that studying such cases, researchers found that some male female brain structure. "Paul" brain partly depends on the level of hormones : women prevails hormone estrogen, and testosterone for men. The trick hormones? Scientists have found that hormones may influence susceptibility to various diseases. For example, women who suffer from MS, the male hormone testosterone is much lower than that of healthy women. The same dependence observed in cases Parkinson's disease, which is much more common among men than among women. According to Glenda Gillies of Imperial College London, one of the versions is that estrogen may play a protective role in neurons. Some experiments with laboratory rats partially confirm that theory. For example, krysy-samki whose ovaries had been removed, and the sharply reduced level of the female hormone, with the same degree of response to the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, as krysy-samtsy. When they injected enough estrogen, rats regained their defensive reaction to the disease. At the same time, castrate krys-samtsov less experienced symptoms of the disease. But estrogen is not provided wonderful therapeutic actions are, in fact, the only male left in the presence of high female hormone. Alien hormones Gillis believed it might be in the body, there is a programmed response to the "Alien" hormones. This means that drugs can have different effects on male and female organisms. A similar conclusion by many scientists, including Anita Holdcroft, from Imperial College London. Holdcroft said that the level of female hormones in the body, unlike men, constantly changing, and this may depend to drugs. Holdcroft studied brain women during and after pregnancy. It found that during pregnancy women reduced brain, and in the first six months after birth is gradually restoring its size. Holdcroft said that it is not yet clear, nor why this is happening or what the consequences would result.
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